PSG has now claimed the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.